Robust population inversion in three-level systems by composite pulses

In this work, we exploit the idea of composite pulses to achieve robust population inversion in a three-level quantum system. The scheme is based on modulation coupling strength, while other physical parameters remain unchanged. sequence designed by vanishing high-order error terms, and can compensate systematic errors any desired order. particular, keeps good performance under disturbance waveform deformations. This trait ensures that be nearly obtained even when pulse has short jump delay. As an example, employ prepare $W$ state manner superconducting circuits. numerical results show fidelity still maintain high level decoherence environment.